Focused on technology not people. Lacked buy in and low delivery predictability. Low quality high rate of failure for solutions that required integration. Failed to align business outcomes. Unrealistic expectations poor risk management. Lack leadership vision strategy. centralised program management governance. expertise increased staff departure / burn out. analysis end user engagement. Underestimating cost complexity operational support requirements. Missing accountability. Moving targets. Project scope change control lost due turnover the absence SES SRO disparate multi-agency governance mechanisms. Agile planning poorly communicated providers software vendors resulting confusion across critical partners as components solution were constantly changing. timelines resulted multiple failures lack system Failure recognise transition from individual agency annual collections complex near-real time collection agencies. cost overruns siloed IT investment without sufficient oversight or related analytic staffing engagement co-design with tertiary education services. Poor definition project benefits allowed drive Insufficient end-to-end testing confirmation technical sustainable delivered efficiencies. Inconsistent stakeholder communication limited inefficient changes schedule. identification ability cross impacts external integration challenges. Staff turnover loss impacted identification.