1. Any marine material or any terrestrial animal bones were not reliable due to incorporation of old carbon. 2. mixed materials such as charcoal and soil together rejected. 3. Dates that replicable show overlap in additional tests Following these guidelines eliminate faulty data a more narrow window was established acceptable 657 1180 cal A.D (on the low end). Additional dates 1200 A.D. date fits with discovery human intervention on environment but precise have further been established. It may be possible rather than large group Early Polynesians settling Rapa Nui around 1180-1200 A.D. possibly there much smaller population had less obvious environmental impacts from earlier then 1200s they spike. This why lot data comes out before 800s however are just theories other recreated numerous times using carbon-14 isotope dating. is an example land degradation caused by use ecosystem. Poike peninsula site which this seen most located eastern part (Meith Bork 2005). In days very healthy fertile soils because people colonizing island areas desertification taking place today. However erosion tells us about used live analysis profiles allows for reconstruction history people. also shows causes effects gullying context use history cultural evolution. Gullying process making deep channels water passage. The practice became common sudden increase number sheep during 20th century. Gullies themselves created problems creating extended badlands peninsula. Badlands heavily eroded little vegetation can grow survive. As settlements community ceremonial buildings built 1300 Around 1400 agriculture started become popular increasing amount healthy land. latest count moai at 1043 completed structures average stand ~13 feet weigh ~10 metric tons each (Yang 2022). largest known “El Gigante” 69 200 found Rano Raraku. Raraku quarry where all statues originally built. Moai typically placed their backs sea platforms called ahu. Some red stones pukao represent topknots like what builders would worn. Pukao either feather crown turban symbolic society centered ancestor worship fertility rites passage (Van Tilburg Lee 1987). 1500 A.D shift ethnographically described cult manutara (birdman). Anthropomorphic bird symbols within Polynesian cultures before. believed birdman symbol sacred creator god Orongo evolution original ahu images statue Nui.