“Easter Island” Chile Moai People “Rapa Nui” Oceania Polynesia Archaeology History Pedestals Ahu Heads 1722 Exploration “Jacob Roggeveen” Origin “Early Polynesians” Discovery Meaning Creation “2800 years ago” “800 A.D.” Excavation Coastlines Study “Carbon-14” Expedition Radiocarbon “Norwegian team” Heyerdahl 1950s Samples “Vegetation change” Unreliable Inaccurate “Lake core sediment” Dates “Paleoenvironmental reconstruction” Accuracy “Martinsson-Wallin and Crockford” Archaeologists “Predating 800 “Cross analyzed” “In situ” “Original location” “Anakena Dune” Strata Charcoal “Human occupation” Rules “Marine material” “Animal bones” “Old carbon” “Mixed materials” Soil Overlap Rejected Guidelines “657 to 1180 cal intervention” Precision Population Growth Environment Impacts “Population spike” Theories “Radiocarbon dating” “Land degradation” Ecosystem “Poike peninsula” Eastern Healthy Fertile Colonizing Desertification “Soil erosion” profiles” Reconstruction Nui people” “Cause effect” Gullying “Cultural evolution” “Deep channels” “Water passage” Sheep “20th century” Badlands “Little vegetation” Survive Community Settlements Ceremony Agriculture “1043 complete structures” “Latest count” “13 feet” “10 metric tons” “El Gigante” “69 “200 “Rano Raraku” Quarry Build Sea Platforms Pukao Topknots “Red feather crown” turban” Symbolic Ancestors Worship Fertility “Rites of Manutara Birdman Anthropomorphic “Bird symbols” Polynesian Orongo “Statue cult” Stories Built “Social competition” Cheifs Descendents Gods Death Divinity Hosts Vessels Containers Spirits “Death rituals” Sites remains” “Deceased chiefs” Monoliths Civilization Statues Religion Hawaii Expression “Life energy” Mana “Illegal touch” Sacred Building Technique Design Form Carve “Volcanic tuff” “Porous stone” “Solid ash” Raraku quarry” “Extinct volcano” “Master carvers” Serious Offend Construction Secret Erect “Front sides” “Separate back” Rock Downhill Petroglyphs “Palm trees” Wood trunk rollers” Methods Transportation “9 forms” Size Shape Volume “Tahai I” “690 Platform Scoria “White “Type 6a” “93%” Composition” “73.8%” Rectangular “Late ritual activity” “After 1500 Repositioning Recarving Recycled Catastrophe devolution” Decline Culture “Negative impact” Society growth” “Depleted resources” Deforestation Colonization “Slave trading” Epidemics “111 natives” “Now 2000 “7000 total” “Modern issues” “Climate “Rising sea level” “Coastal Threat Longevity Fires Damage “Heavy rain” “Stone crumbles” Awareness Donations Repairs “Preventative measures”