The human heart is a powerful and vital organ central to the circulatory system. It muscular pump that propels blood throughout body supplying oxygen nutrients tissues removing waste products. Located in thoracic cavity between lungs slightly left about size of fist weighs roughly 300 grams. consists four chambers: two atria ventricles. right atrium receives deoxygenated from body through superior inferior vena cava. then pumps this into ventricle which sends it via pulmonary artery for oxygenation. left oxygenated veins transfers ventricle. most chamber oxygen-rich aorta rest body. heart's rhythmic contractions are controlled by electrical conduction system includes sinoatrial (SA) node atrioventricular (AV) bundle His Purkinje fibers. SA located atrium acts as natural pacemaker initiating heartbeat. impulse travels AV His fibers causing ventricles contract coordinated manner. Heart function regulated balance sympathetic parasympathetic nervous systems adjust rate force contraction according body's needs. Additionally hormones like adrenaline noradrenaline play role modulating cardiac activity. Coronary arteries supply muscle with blood. Blockages these can lead conditions such angina myocardial infarction (heart attack). Maintaining cardiovascular health regular exercise balanced diet avoiding risk factors smoking excessive alcohol consumption crucial preventing disease. Advancements medical science have significantly improved diagnosis treatment management conditions including innovations surgical techniques medications lifestyle interventions. Understanding anatomy physiology essential promoting developing effective treatments diseases.