Sexual reproduction is a biological process where two parent organisms combine their genetic material to create offspring. It typically involves the fusion of male and female gametes—sperm egg cells—to form fertilized zygote. This promotes diversity which crucial for adaptation evolution. In animals sexual often includes behaviors mechanisms mating fertilization embryonic development. plants it can involve pollination seed formation dispersal. Unlike asexual reproduction produces genetically identical offspring ensures mix traits from both parents contributing species survival in changing environments.